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The ”’educational system”’{{cite news|author = Wallace, Dorothy|year = 2009|pages = |title = Parts of the Whole: Approaching Education as a System|volume = 2|journal = |doi = 10.5038/1936-4660.2.2.9}} generally refers to the structure of all institutions and the opportunities for obtaining [[education]] within a country. It includes all pre-school institutions, starting from family education, and/or [[early childhood education]], through [[kindergarten]], primary, secondary, and tertiary schools, then [[lyceum]]s, [[college]]s, and [[Faculty (division)|faculties]] also known as [[Higher education|Higher education (University education)]]. This framework also includes institutions of continuous (further) professional and personal education, as well as private educational institutions. | The ”’educational system”’{{cite news|author = Wallace, Dorothy|year = 2009|pages = |title = Parts of the Whole: Approaching Education as a System|volume = 2|journal = |doi = 10.5038/1936-4660.2.2.9}} generally refers to the structure of all institutions and the opportunities for obtaining [[education]] within a country. It includes all pre-school institutions, starting from family education, and/or [[early childhood education]], through [[kindergarten]], primary, secondary, and tertiary schools, then [[lyceum]]s, [[college]]s, and [[Faculty (division)|faculties]] also known as [[Higher education|Higher education (University education)]]. This framework also includes institutions of continuous (further) professional and personal education, as well as private educational institutions. | ||
While the education system is usually regulated and organized according to the relevant laws of a country, a country’s education system may have unregulated aspects or dimensions. Typically, an education system is designed to provide education for all sections of a country’s society and its members. It comprises everything that goes into educating the population. | While the education system is usually regulated and organized according to the relevant laws of a country, a country’s education system may have unregulated aspects or dimensions. Typically, an education system is designed to provide education for all sections of a country’s society and its members. It comprises everything that goes into educating the population. | ||
Revision as of 20:54, 6 January 2026
Structure of all facilities and opportunities to acquire education within a country
The educational system[1] generally refers to the structure of all institutions and the opportunities for obtaining education within a country. It includes all pre-school institutions, starting from family education, and/or early childhood education, through kindergarten, primary, secondary, and tertiary schools, then lyceums, colleges, and faculties also known as Higher education (University education). This framework also includes institutions of continuous (further) professional and personal education, as well as private educational institutions.
While the education system is usually regulated and organized according to the relevant laws of a country, a country’s education system may have unregulated aspects or dimensions. Typically, an education system is designed to provide education for all sections of a country’s society and its members. It comprises everything that goes into educating the population.
Educational systems may be structured in either centralized or decentralized formats.[2] Comparative case studies indicate that centralized educational systems, such as that of South Korea, provide more favorable educational outcomes than decentralized systems, such as those in Brazil and South Africa.[3]
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognises nine levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system (from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 8 (doctoral)). UNESCO’s International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages.[4]
See also
Bibliography
- Kallen, Denis (1996) Evaluating and reforming education systems. Paris, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OCLC 34560025
- Helmut Fend: Die sozialen und individuellen Funktionen von Bildungssystemen: Enkulturation, Qualifikation, Allokation und Integration. In: Hellekamps, S./Plöger, W./Wittenbruch, W. (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Erziehungswissenschaft. Bd. 3: Schule. Paderborn u. a. 2011, S. 41–53.
- Průcha, Jan. (1999) Vzdělávání a školství ve světě. 1. vyd. Praha: Portál, 320 s. ISBN 80-7178-290-4. S. 16
- Peeter Mehisto, Fred Genesee (2015) Building Bilingual Education Systems, Cambridge University Press,
- Michael Belok, Krishna Gopal (1979) Educational Systems: Occidental and Oriental. Anu Prakashan
- García Garrido, José Luis. (ed.) Diagnosis of the Educational System. Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Calidad y Evaluación (España) 2000
- Sam Kaplan (2006) The Pedagogical State: Education and the Politics of National Culture in Post-1980 Turkiye, Stanford University Press
- Clyde Chitty (1999) The education system transformed. Tisbury : Baseline BookOCLC 493660401
- EURYDICE:European Unit (1988) The Greek education system, Brussels, Published for the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General [for] Employment, Social Affairs and EducationOCLC 19918107
- Musa Kraja (1998, 2006) Pedagogjia. Tiranë,OCLC 45276951
Further reading
References
- ^ Wallace, Dorothy (2009). “Parts of the Whole: [ ACCORDING TO RESEARCH KIDS PERFORM BETTER WITH MORE SLEEP LIKE CHANGING SCHOOL TO START AT 10 OR 11 AM AND END AT 2 or 3. SCHOOLS COULD HAVE LESS STRICT RULES AND TEACHERS TO NOT LET KIDS STRESS OVER ALL THIS WORK AND RULES AND KEEPING TEACHERS HAPPY]Approaching Education as a System”. Vol. 2. doi:10.5038/1936-4660.2.2.9.
- ^ Bray, Mark (1991). “Centralization Versus Decentralization in Educational Administration: Regional Issues”, Educational Policy, 5(4): 371-385. DOI:10.1177/0895904891005004003
- ^ Do Vale, Helder Ferreira (2016). “Educational Reforms and Decentralization in Brazil, South Africa, South Korea and Spain”.Lex localis – Journal of Local Self Government, 14(3):593-614. DOI:10.4335/14.3.591-612(2016)
- ^ Revision of the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), Retrieved 5 April 2012.
