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|Led by then [[National Assembly of Venezuela|National Assembly]] President [[Juan Guaidó]] to challenge [[Nicolás Maduro]] government. Despite its lack of power, the government were in charge of national assets abroad due to recognition from 60 governments.{{Cite web |date=2023-01-05 |title=U.S. looks for opportunity in demise of Guaidó, whom it recognized as ‘interim president’ of Venezuela |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-01-05/guaido-ouster-venezuela-united-states-opportunities |access-date=2026-01-12 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}} The interim government was dissolved On 30 December 2022 and was finalized on 5 January 2023.{{Cite web |title=Asamblea Nacional electa en 2015 aprobó poner fin al gobierno interino de Juan Guaidó |publisher=El Nacional |date=30 December 2022 |url=https://www.elnacional.com/venezuela/asamblea-nacional-electa-en-2015-aprobo-poner-fin-al-gobierno-interino-de-juan-guaido/ |language=es }} | |Led by then [[National Assembly of Venezuela|National Assembly]] President [[Juan Guaidó]] to challenge [[Nicolás Maduro]] government. Despite its lack of power, the government were in charge of national assets abroad due to recognition from 60 governments.{{Cite web |date=2023-01-05 |title=U.S. looks for opportunity in demise of Guaidó, whom it recognized as ‘interim president’ of Venezuela |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-01-05/guaido-ouster-venezuela-united-states-opportunities |access-date=2026-01-12 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}} The interim government was dissolved On 30 December 2022 and was finalized on 5 January 2023.{{Cite web |title=Asamblea Nacional electa en 2015 aprobó poner fin al gobierno interino de Juan Guaidó |publisher=El Nacional |date=30 December 2022 |url=https://www.elnacional.com/venezuela/asamblea-nacional-electa-en-2015-aprobo-poner-fin-al-gobierno-interino-de-juan-guaido/ |language=es }} | ||
|- | |||
|{{flagicon|Myanmar}} [[Acting Cabinet of the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw]] ”(early)” and [[National Unity Government of Myanmar]] ”(currently)” | |||
|{{flag icon|Myanmar}} [[Republic of the Union of Myanmar]] ([[State Administration Council]] from 2021–2025 and [[Union Government of Myanmar]] from 2025) | |||
|2021 | |||
|2021 | |||
|Established by the [[Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw]] following the [[2021 Myanmar coup d’état]] and subsequent [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)|Myanmar Civil War]] in opposition to the [[Provisional Government of Myanmar|provisional government]] appointed by the [[State Administration Council]]. Followed by the [[National Unity Government of Myanmar]]. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Military Committee for Refoundation]] | | [[Military Committee for Refoundation]] | ||
Revision as of 16:46, 3 March 2026
Claims to be the legitimate government of a sovereign state
A rival government is a political group that claims to be the legitimate government (exclusive mandate) of a sovereign state in opposition to another independent government.[1][2][3] Such governments tend to be formed in the aftermath of a civil war, revolution, or military coup. They differ from a government in exile as they are based in, and have control over territory within the claimed state.
Current rival governments
National level
Sub-national level
Former rival governments
Former rival governments at a sub-national level
Occupation zones
These are rival governments which were established simultaneously in the Soviet and Western occupation zones and claim sole jurisdiction over their respective region but both are recognised by the international community.
See also
References
- ^ Soufan (2016). “Rival Governments” (PDF). Libya, Extremism, & the Consequences of Collapse: 9–11. JSTOR resrep10785.8.
- ^ “Sudan’s Rival Government | Council on Foreign Relations”.
- ^ “Myanmar’s junta brands rival government a terrorist group”. Reuters. 8 May 2021.
- ^ “Hamas’ Gaza chief begins regional tour, to meet Ahmadinejad, Gulf leaders”. Al Arabiya News. 30 January 2012. Archived from the original on 1 April 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- ^ Avnery, Uri (14 April 2011). “Israel Must Recognize Hamas’ Government in Gaza”. Haaretz.com. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
- ^ “Hamas delivers free meals to Gaza’s poor”. aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- ^ Nasser, Afrah (18 December 2022). “‘Republic of fear’: A return to Yemen after 11 years”. Al Jazeera. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
- ^ “Myanmar shadow government launches ‘people’s defensive war’“. Al Jazeera. 7 September 2021. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ “Myanmar junta designates shadow government as ‘terrorist’ group”. Deutsche Welle. 8 May 2021. Archived from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ “NUG decides to headquarter in Sagaing”. Myanmar Now (in Burmese). 14 January 2025.
- ^ “Libya parliament suspends rival eastern-based PM Bashagha”. Al Jazeera. 16 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ “TRT Global – Sudan paramilitary leader Hemedti declares rival government”.
- ^ “Sudan paramilitary declares rival government two years into civil war”.
- ^ ADF (19 August 2025). “ISWAP Drains Lake Chad Region Through Taxes”. Africa Defense Forum. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
the terrorist group [ISWAP] attempts to present itself as a viable alternative to the Nigerian government.
- ^ “Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) | ACLED”. acleddata.com. 8 October 2025. Retrieved 8 November 2025.
- ^ “The world’s centre of terrorism has shifted to the Sahel”. The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ Chason, Rachel; Ramos, Adrián Blanco (8 June 2025). “A powerful, opaque al-Qaeda affiliate is rampaging across West Africa”. The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
- ^ Ynetnews (27 July 2025). “In Gaza’s Rafah, rebel commander claims war already over—and offers alternative to Hamas”. Ynetnews. Retrieved 29 July 2025.
- ^ Truzman, Joe (19 September 2025). “New anti-Hamas militia emerges in Gaza”. FDD’s Long War Journal. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
- ^ Magid, Jacob; Yohanan, Nurit (16 October 2025). “Trump: If Hamas doesn’t stop killing Gazans, ‘we will have no choice but to go in and kill them’“. The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
- ^ “Explainer: Who are the Israeli-backed armed groups challenging Hamas in Gaza?”. BBC Monitoring. 15 October 2025. Retrieved 26 November 2025.
- ^ “Profiles of anti-Hamas militias in the Gaza Strip”. Foundation for Defense of Democracies. 19 October 2025. Retrieved 26 November 2025.
- ^ “BBC Monitoring – Essential Media Insight”. monitoring.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 November 2025.
- ^ Yohanan, Nurit (30 October 2025). “Left out of Trump’s technocratic vision, anti-Hamas militias seek role in rebuilt Gaza”. The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 26 November 2025.
- ^ “Explainer: Who are the Israeli-backed armed groups challenging Hamas in Gaza?”. BBC Monitoring. 15 October 2025. Retrieved 26 November 2025.
- ^ Martin, Daniel (16 December 2025). “Chagos Islanders defy Starmer by forming government in exile”. The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 19 January 2026.
- ^ John C. Swanson (2017). Tangible Belonging: Negotiating Germanness in Twentieth-Century Hungary. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 80. ISBN 9780822981992. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ^ Derby, Mark (2009). Kiwi Companeros: New Zealand and the Spanish Civil War. Christchurch, New Zealand: Canterbury University Press. ISBN 978-1877257711.
- ^ “Mintoff shows off his ‘non-aligned manhood’ and threatens to break relations with Israel”. archive.maltatoday.com.mt. 18 April 2010. Archived from the original on 20 December 2024. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ “Año: 1992 § Violencia de origen político”. Centro de Documentación e Investigación. Archived from the original on 20 March 2021.
- ^ Informe final (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación. 2003. pp. 44–45, 286. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 January 2017.
- ^ Robbins, Seth (4 September 2020). “Peru in Familiar Stalemate With Shining Path Rebels”. InSight Crime. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
- ^ Clines, Francis X. (26 March 1986). “Aquino Proclaims Interim Government”. The New York Times. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ Cawley, Janet (26 March 1986). “‘Freedom Constitution’ Gives Aquino Free Reign Reign”. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
- ^ Boron, Atilio. “Making coups invisible” (PDF). Honduras Documentation Center.
- ^ “COUP LEADER LEAVES VENEZUELA”. Orlando Sentinel. 30 May 2002. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
- ^ “U.S. looks for opportunity in demise of Guaidó, whom it recognized as ‘interim president’ of Venezuela”. Los Angeles Times. 5 January 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
- ^ “Asamblea Nacional electa en 2015 aprobó poner fin al gobierno interino de Juan Guaidó” (in Spanish). El Nacional. 30 December 2022.
- ^ “Attempted coup under way in Benin”. France 24. 7 December 2025. Retrieved 7 December 2025.
- ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-52428998


